Vocabulary

Definitions of new words and concepts I learned with them.

Definition: Ashkenazim, Sephardim, Blood Libel, Dhimmi, Kashrut

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My ongoing education about Judaism, and history of the Jewish Diaspora as part of my world art history education on Khan Academy.

 

Ashkenazim

Jews who can trace their ancestry back to Central and Eastern European areas

 

Sephardim

Jews who can trace their ancestry back to Central and Eastern European areas

 

Blood libel

A centuries-old false allegation that Jews murder Christians – especially Christian children – to use their blood for ritual purposes

 

Dhimmi

“People of the book”, what Jews were known as in Muslim areas in the Middle Ages

 

Kashrut

Jewish dietary laws

 

https://twitter.com/digitalcitizen/status/1223753518189883392

Definition: Prostyle, Forecourt, Tower Tomb, Loculus, Distaff, Closing Stone

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Palmyra and tombs today…

 

Tower tomb

Towers used as kinship grouping tombs in Palmyra, often occupying high ground

 

Loculus (plural loculi)

An architectural compartment or niche that houses a body in a place of entombment, but in botany, each of a number of small separate cavities, especially in an ovary

 

Distaff

A stick or spindle onto which wool or flax is wound for spinning

 

https://twitter.com/digitalcitizen/status/1223451169584033795

https://twitter.com/digitalcitizen/status/1223752997068591105

Definition: Celebrant, Battlement, Merlon, Crenellation, Triple Deity

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Palmyra and some more old architecture today…

 

Celebrant

A person who performs a rite

 

Battlement

A parapet at the top of a wall, especially of a fort or castle, that has regularly spaced squared openings for shooting through

 

Merlon

The solid upright section of a battlement in medieval architecture or fortifications (where you hide behind when not shooting arrows from the battlement)

 

Crenellation

The gap between merlons in a battlement

 

Triple deity

Three deities worshiped as one, like the Greek Fates

 

https://twitter.com/digitalcitizen/status/1223448876302192641

Definition: Tanakh, Mishnah or Oral Torah, Gemera, Halakhah, Sukkot, Sukkah

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Not knowing much about Judaism, it’s not surprising I learned so many words on just an introductory article about it.

 

Tanakh

The Hebrew Bible that contains 3 sections: the Torah or Five Books of Moses, the Prophets, and the Writings

 

Mishnah or Oral Torah

A minimalistic set of debates attributed to the great religious scholars, or Rabbis, transcribed and published in the second century C.E.

 

Gemera

Series of writings that expounded on the Mishnah, and combined with it to create the Talmud

 

Halakhah

Jewish law

 

Sukkot

A holiday that commemorates the 40 year period when Israelites were wandering in the desert, living in temporary shelters, and also a harvest festival

 

Sukkah

A temporary dwelling built on the holiday of Sukkot

 

https://twitter.com/digitalcitizen/status/1223438776200060928

Definition: Resistance Fashion, Resistance Clothing, Sharecropper

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Fashion today… note, resistance clothing and fashion and two ENTIRELY different things!

 

Resistance clothing

Clothing that resist movement to help build strength when worn

 

Resistance fashion

Fashion used by marginalized groups as a symbol of resistance

 

Sharecropper

A tenant farmer who gives a part of each crop as rent

 

https://twitter.com/digitalcitizen/status/1223435439706705921